Here is a before-and-after case study in scientific Web editing.

• The "before" is a page with a bibliography reasonably close to, but probably not quite in conformity with, the Chicago Manual of Style. The HTML is not quite conformant with its intended (old) HTML 2.0 Document Type Definition.

• The "after" is the same page with some scientific updating, with a left-right-flip photo-editing error corrected, with HTML coded as valid XHTML 1.0 under a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS), and with the bibliography rendered Chicago-conformant. The selected Chicago format is most commonly used by bibliographers of humanities, rather than of science. The seemingly odd formatting decision is appropriate here, however, because we need to convey as much information as possible to a readership which includes not only working scientists, but also the lay public.